美国语言诗派与马克思主义诗学

The Language Poetry and Marxism Poetics

在语言论诗学、解构主义诗学之外,美国语言诗派还深受马克思主义诗学影响,具有鲜明的意识形态倾向。它借用马克思及新马克思主义学说,指出在现代工业社会中,日益致密完备的诗学规范实际是资产阶级对社会无意识领域的隐秘控制。因此,语言诗人力图以激进的诗歌实验瓦解资本主义诗歌秩序,重新激活能指与所指的任意性和能动性,恢复语言符号丰富的表意功能。语言诗派以开放、多元、可写的文本创作将诗歌阅读由传统的权威价值灌输转变为多元意义的主动探求,有效阻遏了诗歌的商品化倾向,为人性的复原、社会无意识的释放提供了新的可能。

Influenced by Marxism poetics besides linguistic poetics and deconstructive poetics,the language poetry possesses distinct ideological tendency.It points out that the more and more perfect poetry rules actually control the field of social unconsciousness secretly.Therefore,the language poets try to destroy the poetry orders through radical poetry experiments in order to reactivate the arbitrariness and the initiative of the signified and the signifier and to restore the expressive function of linguistic signs.The language poetry changes the reading forms from the inculcation of ethic value to the exploration of multi-meaning and thus provides a possibility to release the social unconsciousness and restore humanity.