男男性行为人群HIV感染者/AIDS病人耻辱感的影响因素

Stigma among MSM living with HIV/AIDS and its related factors

目的了解北京市男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人耻辱感现状,分析影响因素,探索降低耻辱感的科学方法。方法通过方便抽样选取262名MSM人群HIV感染者/AIDS病人,进行一般情况和耻辱感的问卷调查。结果耻辱量表四个维度得分分别为个人耻辱(53.22±8.13)分、担心公开(33.20±3.73)分、负面自我形象(35.84±6.40)分、关注公众态度(61.31±8.44)分。耻辱感随着感染情况告知家人、好友的人数增多而降低(P<0.05),在婚者的耻辱感低于离异/丧偶者。结论如何获得家人和周围好友的情感支持,是降低HIV感染者/AIDS病人耻辱感的关键因素。

Objective To study the stigma status among MSM living with HIV/AIDS in Beijing, and analyze its related factors. Methods Two hundred and sixty two MSM living with HIV/AIDS were investigated by general condition questionnaire and Berger-HIV stigma scale. Results The score of personalized stigma was （53.22 ± 8.13）. The concern over disclosure was（33.20±3.73）. The negative self-image was（35.84±6.40）. The concern with public attitudes towards people living with HIV was（61.31±8.44）. Stigma reduced among the MSM when more family members and friends were told about their disease conditions. Married MSM with HIV/AIDS reported less stigma than those divorced or widowed. Conclusion To obtain emotional support from their families and friends is an important factor which can help MSM living with HIV/AIDS reduce the stigma.