艾滋病自检的研究进展

Home testing for HIV:A literature review

艾滋病自检的形式包括自助采样送检和自测两种。虽然艾滋病自检的提出已有20多年的历史,但自检本身仍存在很大争议,一方面,艾滋病自检有利于保护检测者隐私,赋予人们自我管理感染艾滋病风险的权利,使得它在人群中有一定的需求;另一方面,自检又存在缺乏准确性、专业咨询和支持等问题,使得管理部门对放开自检心存顾虑。目前世界范围内,艾滋病自检基本处于研究阶段。中国对艾滋病自检研究很少,有必要加强相关研究,正确引导自检,扬长避短,使其为扩大艾滋病检测面服务。

HIV home tests include HIV home collection test system and HIV home self-test. The idea of HIV home test has been introduced for over two decades. However, there have been a lot of debates and controversies around this topic. On one hand, HIV home self-test can assure privacy and confidentiality, empower individuals to self-manage HIV risks. This advantage creates much demand among high-risk populations. On the other hand, problem with accuracy of the test, lack of technical support and counseling for the clients led to the concern by the responsible government agencies. Most of them have not decided to approve HIV home test kits for sale on the market. Internationally, HIV home test remains at the stage of research. In China, very few studies focus on HIV home tests. In order to significantly expand HIV testing coverage in the next five years in China, it is necessary to carry out more studies on HIV home tests and translate research into practice.