沱江流域磷矿开采和加工过程中放射性环境问题探讨

Discussion on Radioactively Environmental Problems during Phosphorite Mining and Processing in Tuojiang Area

大多数磷矿伴随着高含量的放射性元素U,通过对龙门山地区磷矿开采和加工过程中U,Th迁移的研究,初步查明了沱江流域放射性环境问题。研究结果显示,除含U磷块岩外,四川省磷肥及磷矿石中U含量水平相对偏高,磷矿开采加工是造成区域放射性元素含量偏高的主要原因;磷矿加工过程中放射性元素U,Th主要迁移到中间产物及最终产品中;磷石膏的堆放对周边土壤环境的放射性影响,水平方向上已超过2 km,垂向上近50 cm;磷矿的开采与加工已对流域产生了一定程度的放射性环境影响。

Most Phosphorite is accompanied by high levels of radioactive elements uranium.By studying Uranium and Thorium migration during Phosphorite mining and processing in Tuojiang area,this paper did a preliminary identification of radioactive pollution in Tuojiang drainage basin.The result reveals that the Phosphorite mining and processing are the main causes of regionally high radioactive elements contents,which are reflected in relatively higher Uranium content in Phosphate fertilizer and Phosphorite except for Uranium-bearing Phosphorite in Sichuan province.During Phosphorite mining and processing,the radioactive elements（Uranium and Thorium） mainly migrate into the intermediate and final products.The impact of phosphogypsum dumping on periphery soil environment is un-neglected with radioactive infiltration over 2 km in horizontal and 50 cm in vertical.On a certain extent,Phosphate mining and processing has produced radioactive environmental impact.