海洛因成瘾者错误加工的事件相关电位

Error processing in heroin addicts： an event-related potential study

目的探讨海洛因成瘾者错误加工过程中错误相关负波（ERN）与冲动行为的相关性。方法运用神经心理学试验范式，海洛因成瘾组（HA组，20例）和健康对照组（HC组，20名）在执行爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）时进行事件相关电位描记，分析比较两组被试ERN的波幅和潜伏期，并与冲动性量表（BIS）-11的测评结果作相关分析。结果HA组决策进程对净分数无影响，其BIS评分、选择“高频损失”纸牌次数[（75．2±7．6）分；（105．5±22．2）次]高于HC组[（64．3±8．4）分；（73．8±16．4）次]，差异有统计学意义（t=-5．39，-9．24；均P〈0．05）。两组被试IGT中错误反馈后均出现明显的ERN波形，HA组ERN的波幅[（4．23±0．87）μV]低于HC组[（6．11±1．09）μV]，差异有统计学意义（t=5．96，P〈0．05），而两组潜伏期差异无统计学意义[HC组：（102．1±28．2）ms，HA组：（107．8±24．2）ms；t=-0．62，P=0．54]；两组被试ERN波幅均与各自BIS评分呈负相关（HC组：r=-0．66，HA组：r=-0．78，均P〈0．05）。结论海洛因成瘾者错误加工能力下降，可能是产生及维持成瘾行为的原因之一，ERN可作为预测成瘾者冲动行为及错误加工能力的指标。

Objective To investigate the relationship between impulsive behaviors and the error- related negativity （ERN） component of event-related potentials of error processing in heroin addicts. Methods Using the paradigms for psychological experiment, the Iowa gambling task （IGT） was performed both in heroin addiction group （HA group, 20 cases） and healthy control group （HC group, 20 cases） , and the inspection of electroencephalography was underwent in all subjects concurrently. Following the collection of data, the amplitude and latency of ERN were compared between the two groups, and then the relationship between the amplitude of ERN and the scores of Barratt Impulsiveness Scale （BIS-11） was analyzed separately. Results Decision-making course had no effect on the net score remarkably in HA group （ F = 1.21, P 〉 0.05）. Compared with HC group（64. 3 ± 8.4, 73.8± 16.4）, BIS score as well as the numbers of high frequency loss cards were significantly higher in HA group（75.2 ±7. 6, 105.5 ±22. 2; t = -5.39, - 9. 24 ; P 〈 0. 05 ）, while both the two groups had visible waveforms of ERN, and the amplitude was markedly lower in HA group （ HA ： （4. 23 ± 0. 87） μV, HC ： （6. 11 ± 1.09） μV ; t = 5.96, P 〈 0. 05 ）, but no statistical difference was found in latency of these two groups（ HC： （102. 1 ±28.2） ms, HA： （107. 8± 24. 2） ms;t = -0. 62, P =0. 54）, and the amplitude of the two groups was negatively associated with BIS score respectively in both two groups （ HC ： r = - 0. 66, HA ： r = - 0. 78 ; both P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The reduced capability of error processing maybe partly contribute to both addiction and relapse to heroin addict, and the ERN event-related potential could be regarded as an indicator of impulsive behaviors and the capability error processing.