葱子与韭菜子的性状与显微鉴别特征研究

Macroscopic and Microscopic Identification of Seeds of Allium fistulosum and A. tuberosum Rottl.ex Spreng

目的:通过对葱子与韭菜子的性状与显微鉴别特征研究,掌握葱子与韭菜子的性状与显微特征及其差异,为其鉴别提供依据。方法:从性状与显微对葱子与韭菜子的特征进行观察、测量、拍照,并对观察结果进行比较分析。结果:葱子类三角形,一面平凹,另一面鼓起成棱状。种子表面密被突起的纹理,排列整齐。韭菜子类半圆形,一面平或凹,另一面鼓起,上有多条不规则凹陷的沟纹。种子表面有波状褶皱,密被方形或多边形的纹理,排列整齐。显微观察发现葱子种皮表面平滑,外侧壁为均匀的突起,胚乳细胞壁念珠状增厚,细胞内含有淡黄色晶体。韭菜子种皮表面有断续的尖锐突起,外侧壁平直,胚乳细胞壁念珠状增厚,细胞内含有脂肪油滴。结论:可通过葱子与韭菜子种子的形状、表面特征、横切面结构中的种皮表皮及胚乳细胞内含物将两者进行区别。

Objective： To get the characters of seeds of AUium fistulosum and A. tuberosum in order to distinguish them accurately. Methods： To observed the seed traits and transverse section. Results： Seeds of A. fistulosum are nearly triangule, concave in one side, the other is muster into prismatic. The surface of the seeds densely covered with protruding particles. Seeds of A. tuberosum are approaching semicircular, there are some sunken grooves in the surface. By Microscopic identification, we could see smooth testa of A. fistulosum. The cell wall of endosperm has moniliform thickening. Pale yellow crystals could be seen in the cells. In contrast, testa of A. tuberosum has sharp protrusions. The cell wall of endosperm is also thickened moniliform, while there has no pale yellow crystals but fat droplets in the cells. Conclusion： By the characters get from the study, we could distinguish the seeds accurately, which is beneficial to procurement.