当今大学本科课程中的BIM课程

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING IN TODAY'S UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM

BIM作为一种方法已经在工程建设(AEC)行业引起了广泛的关注。它利用虚拟的模型涵盖了一个工程项目从设计到建造直至最终运行全生命周期中所有相关的信息。从模型中能够提取预算所需的工程量,定义施工计划需要的工程要素,还可以建立可持续性研究的模拟环境以及为后期设备管理制定工作流程。BIM是一种工具,有助于促进工程建设行业向协作性更强的建造过程转变。由于该行业缺乏精通BIM的资深人才,因此工程建设行业的管理专业毕业生应该为此做好充分准备。正是由于相关合格人才有缺口的预计,亚利桑那州立大学与FIATECH(一家非营利性建筑公司,物料供应商和学术研究的联盟)共同进行了一项研究,目的是了解在BIM日渐成为设计与承包商主要工具的情况下,学术界怎样为行业提供支持。通过调查和现场会议,我们对当前的教学计划进行了评估并提出一些建议,以帮助各个大学重新设定课程教学计划。主要建议包括讲授核心概念,再辅以自己动手实践和讲座结合的方式学习建造过程的方法。另外一个建议是:学校和行业保持紧密合作,将行业内的专业人士请到课堂上,介绍BIM在行业中的实际应用,以实例帮助学生了解未来获得成功所需要掌握的技能。为了进一步对有关BIM课程设置的指导,我们还通过一个班级和几个相关课程对老师教授BIM的方法做了评审。总之,本研究对目前课堂中设置和开发BIM内容的教学方法以及业界对此的希望都做了探究。

Building Information Modeling（BIM） is a process that has been gaining traction in the architect,engineer and construction（AEC） industry. BIM allows combining a virtual model with all aspects of a project,from design to construction and operations.The model provides the ability to extract quantities for estimating,to define work elements for scheduling,to simulate environments for sustainability and to model work processes for facilities management.BIM is a tool that is aiding the AEC industry＇s shift to a more collaborative construction process. The shortage of experienced personnel in the AEC industry conversant with BIM leads to an expectation that architecture,engineering and construction management graduates must be better prepared to enter the workforce.Because of this expected shortage of qualified personnel,research was undertaken at Arizona State University with FIATECH to understand how academia can support the construction industry as BIM becomes a major design / contractor tool. Through surveys and face to face meetings,current educational programs were reviewed and recommendations developed to assist universities with curriculum development.The recommendations include methodologies of teaching the core concepts to understand the process of building by using a combined lab/lecture class allowing a hands-on learning process.Another recommendation to keep schools aligned with industry is to use industry professionals in the classroom to give presentations on BIM usage in the industry with examples to help illustrate skills needed by students so they can be successful.To help guide further curriculum development utilizing BIM,techniques used for BIM implementation in one class or throughout several courses are reviewed.Overall,the research explored the industry expectations and current educational approaches for the use and development of BIM in the classroom.