多发性骨髓瘤髓外复发研究进展

Research Advances of Extramedullary Relapse in Multiple Myeloma——Review

多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是一种浆细胞恶性增殖性疾病,以骨髓中克隆性浆细胞异常增生、积聚,并分泌单克隆免疫球蛋白或其片段(M蛋白)为特征。目前认为,MM仍是一种不可治愈的疾病。近年来MM患者髓外复发的发生率有上升趋势,尤其是在接受造血干细胞移植和新型靶向药物治疗后。本文重点就MM髓外复发的发病率和发病机制、髓外骨髓瘤细胞的特征及其对治疗的反应和预后的研究进展作一综述。

Multiple myeloma（MM） is a malignant plasma cell disorder characterized by the abnormal expansion and accumulation of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow in association with production of monoclonal immunoglobulin and its fragment（as protein）,and MM remains an incurable disease.Recently extramedullary relapse of MM is more frequent especially in patients treated with stem cell transplantation and/or novel drugs.This review focuses the incidence of extramedullary relapse in MM,mechanisms involved in extramedullary myeloma spread,tumor characteristics at extramedullay sites as well as prognosis and response to therapy.