西安市融雪径流污染特性及其与降雨径流污染的比较

Characteristics of snowmelt runoff pollution and comparison with rainfall runoff pollution in Xi'an City

在对西安市区融雪和降雨径流污染进行监测的基础上,分析了融雪径流的污染特性.同时,将相同地点的融雪径流污染特性与降雨径流污染进行对比,并进行了融雪径流的水质评价.结果表明,融雪径流水质具有一定的初期效应,在一场融雪径流过程中,主要污染物SS、COD、TN的浓度在融雪径流初期高于融雪后期;原状雪水的水质较好,主要指标的浓度均低于多种土地利用类型的融雪径流;不同土地利用类型融雪径流的水质差异较大;通过对比发现,除TP和Zn外,融雪径流污染物浓度低于相同地点的降雨径流污染物浓度;学校操场、屋顶、家属区的TP和学校道路的COD等融雪径流污染物浓度超出地表水V类水质标准.

Based on the monitoring of snowmelt and rainfall runoff pollution in Xi＇an city, Shaanxi Province in China, characteristics of snowmelt runoff pollution were analyzed and compared with rainfall runoff pollution, and the water quality of snowmeh runoff were evaluated. The results showed that the pollution of snowmelt runoff had first flush effect in a certain degree, with the concentrations of pollutants such as SS, COD and TN in the initial stage higher than the later stage. The water quality of undisturbed snowmelt is better, and the concentrations of most parameters were lower than those from other land uses. Quality of snowmelt runoff from different land uses differed significantly. Concentrations of most pollutants in the snowmeh runoff were lower than those in the rainfall runoff, except for TP and Zn. The snowmelt runoff concentration of TP on the school playground, rooftop and in the residential area, as well as the COD on the school road, were higher than the values of the Fifth Class of the Surface Water Quality Standard of China.