铸造计算机模拟仿真技术现状及发展趋势

Current Status and Development Trend of Casting Numerical Simulation Technology

从已实用化的技术和正在发展中的技术两方面介绍了铸造计算机模拟仿真技术的现状。典型的应用案例表明,凝固过程传热模拟、充型过程流动场模拟、流动与传热耦合等模拟技术已进入实用化阶段,在不同的铸造方式如重力、低压、压铸等以及不同的合金如铸钢、铸铁、有色合金的铸件生产中都得到了很好地应用。应力应变、组织性能以及其他方面如气化模、射芯、偏析、熔炼及热处理等方面的模拟仿真技术也正处于积极发展中。结合铸造业的实际需求,指出了高精度缺陷定量预测技术、热物性参数及反求技术、智能化铸造工艺设计与优化技术,以及铸造全过程模拟仿真及与铸造数字化管理技术的融合,是铸造计算机模拟技术的发展趋势。

In this paper, the current status of the casting numerical simulation technology was introduced in two aspects： the practical technologies and the developing technologics. From the application of the typical cases, we can conclude that the casting numerical simulation technologies of solidification, mold filling, mold filling with heat transfer have entered the practical stage and can have a satisfying application in different casting method, such as gravity casting, low pressure casting, high pressure casting, and also for different alloys, such as steel, iron, nonferrous alloys. The other casting numerical simulation technologies including the stress-strain, microstructure, property, lost foam, core formation, segregation, melting, heat treatment, etc. also have a good development. Combing with the actual needs of the foundry industry, this paper points out that the high-precision quantitative prediction technology of the defects, the reverse technology of the thermophysical parameters, the design and optimized technology of intelligence casting process, and the integration of the whole casting process of simulation and the casting digital management are the development trends of the casting numerical simulation technology.