基于WSN重构广域保护紧急通信通道的研究

Study on communication channel reconstruction based on WSN for wide area protection

电网发生极端灾变时常因OPGW光缆损坏而引起通信中断,导致线路主保护乃至线路被迫退出运行,广域保护也会发生类似问题。基于无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)技术,提出广域保护紧急通信通道的重构方案。介绍了WSN的系统结构和特点,分析了WSN在发生电网灾变时相对于传统通信方式的优势,并探讨了WSN应用于通信通道重构时的路由协议、数据可靠性,数据融合及延时等关键技术。进而结合纵联电流差动保护,测试不同负载率下的WSN传输实验,并将测试结果应用于广域保护的数字仿真中,结果显示基于WSN重构紧急通信通道能够满足广域保护的需要。在极端灾变时若允许适当降低主保护动作速度,上述方案也能为线路纵联主保护提供通信通道。

When extreme grid disasters occur, communication outage is often caused by OPGW damage so that the main protections even lines will fail. Similar problems can occur in the wide area protection （WAP）. In this paper, a novel communication channel reconstruction scheme based on wireless sensor network （WSN） of WAP is proposed to solve the above problem. The system structure and characteristic of WSN are introduced, the superiority of communication way on WSN for protection, compared with the traditional way of communication, is analyzed, and the key technology including router protocols, data reliability, data fusion and time delay are discussed. Combined with pilot current differential protection, the paper tests data transmission experiments with different load factors, and applies the test results to simulation experiment of WAP. The simulation results show the scheme of emergency communication channel reconstruction based on WSN can satisfy the need of WAP and serve as the communication channel of main protection when its action performance requirements can be reduced appropriately under extreme grid disaster.