基于车辆动力学分析的道路平曲线处横向力系数研究

Lateral Friction Coefficient of Highway Horizontal Curve Based on Vehicle Dynamic Analysis

横向力系数μ是计算平曲线半径和超高的重要参数,我国道路路线规范仅从人体舒适度方面给出了μ取值的定性影响表述,缺乏定量的数据和试验支持。为此,从多体动力学角度出发,构建精确的车辆、道路、驾驶员模型,利用Adams/Car仿真工具研究横向力系数μ的变化规律。通过仿真试验与理论公式相结合,得到以下结论:从车辆整体横向力系数来看,理论推导公式与动力学仿真结果具有高度相关性;仿真得到了横向力系数在各车轮处的分布规律,指出弯道内侧后轮是横向抗滑的最不利位置;以最不利车轮处的μw为指标,从轮胎路面力学角度定量解释了规范中用于计算圆曲线最小半径的μ取值。

The lateral friction coefficient （LFC） μ is an important parameter for determining the horizontal curve ra- dius and superelevation. Nevertheless, the national highway design guideline only gives a qualitative description of the in- fluence of this parameter on driver＇s comfort, but it doesn＇t provide any quantitative data and experiment results. There- fore, based on the multi-body dynamics, this paper studies the changing law of LFC by developing a precise vehiele, road and driver model by using Adams/Car simulation software. Combining the theoretical formula with simulation results, it can be concluded that （1） the simulation results show a high correlation with those from the theoretical formula for the glololal lateral force coefficient; and （2） simulation results can provide the distribution of LFC at different tires and indicate that the inside rear wheel is the most critical position of lateral slide when on curve. The study results can be used to ex- plain the FI.C values specified in the guideline for minimum radii of horizontal circular curves.