摘要
快速公交系统(BRT)通过专用通道实现了在区间的快速运行,但车站的服务水平成为提高整体服务水平的瓶颈。在定义了排队概率作为车站服务水平的有效度量指标后,以排队论为数学建模基础,建立了BRT子站串联排队服务模型,模型中用生、灭图描述了含有3个泊位的子站的15种状态,用哥尔莫可夫方程解得各状态的概率。结合广州BRT的运营现状提出了线路停靠调度方案的优化思路,通过仿真得到数据,对比了线路停靠方案优化前后的最大排队长度、停车次数和平均排队长度3项指标,结果表明,优化方案中各子站的排队概率达到基本均衡,车辆在子站一和子站二停车次数有明显减少,车辆排队情况明显改善。
Dedicated lanes help BRT travel quickly. However, BRT stations with low level of service become the bottleneck of the system. First, the probability of being in the queue for buses is chosen as the measure of level of service of BRT stations. Then, a tandem queue service model is developed based on queuing theory. The model describes fifteen states of a BRT station, which contains three berths. The status of each berth （e. g. , parked or not） can be described with a birth/death process, and the corresponding probability can be solved by the Kolmogoroff equation. Furthermore, an optimized strategy of line-berth dispatching program is developed for the current BRT system of Guangzhou. Maxi- mum-queue-length, number-of-stop and average-sequence-length of existing and corresponding indices calculated from the simulated data for the optimized line berth dispatching program are compared. The results show that the failure rate of each sub-station is roughly equal, the number of stops for buses at the sub-station-1 and sub-station-2 decrease, and the lining-up of buses for berth is also reduced.
出处
《交通信息与安全》
2012年第5期75-80,共6页
Journal of Transport Information and Safety
关键词
交通工程
BRT
排队论
线路停靠方案
优化
traffic engineering
BRT
queuing theory
line berth program
optimization
