粮食出口限制、粮食安全与区域合作框架下的约束机制

Food Export Restriction,Food Safety and Regional Cooperation Binding Mechanism

文章详细分析了粮食主产国实施出口限制政策的特征、粮食出口限制对粮食安全导致的影响,并在此基础上分析了WTO/GATT多边贸易谈判机制在约束粮食出口限制上的内在缺陷,继而提出从区域合作视角约束粮食出口限制的新思路。在区域合作框架下,约束粮食主产国实施出口限制具有可操作性强、易实施等特点。文章建议中国在实施"自由贸易区战略"的同时,应该考虑将约束粮食出口限制的条款嵌入区域合作框架协议,为中国在国际化背景下利用国际市场保障粮食安全、提升粮食安全政策效率提供新的制度保障。

During the global food crisis from 2006 to 2008, food export countries implemented a series of food export restriction policies, which pushed the soaring of food price in international market and at the same time gave a warning to the countries expecting to warranty their food safety through international market mechanism. This paper, utilizing the second-hand material, analyzes in detail the characteristics of the existing food export restriction policies, the effect of those policies on food safety, and summarizes the pitfalls of the WTO/GATT dealing with the problem of food export restriction. Then, it gives a new perspective of taking advantage of regional cooperation mechanism. Under the framework of regional cooperation, it will be easy to restrict the food production nation＇s execution of food restriction policies. Finally, it advises that China should consider insetting clauses about food restriction policies into the RTAs to help China take advantage of international food market and to assure its food safety.