流域生态系统补偿机制研究进展

Review and trend of eco-compensation mechanism on river basin

生态补偿是近年来生态环境管理领域的一个新发展起来的方向和热点,尤其在我国,生态补偿受到学者和政府部门的高度关注,其研究和实践进展迅速。流域是完整的地理与生态系统区域,是实施生态保护和生态补偿的典型单元。从流域角度研究和实施生态系统保护,可以最好体现生态系统的完整性和生态要素的综合性。流域生态补偿机制研究是当前生态经济研究的前沿命题。系统梳理和全面总结了流域生态补偿研究的国内外进展与应用案例,总结了当前流域生态补偿研究存在的主客体界定、补偿原则、措施短效性等方面存在的主要问题,提炼概述了流域生态补偿研究的理论分析框架,并就流域生态补偿确定方法、补偿途径等关键问题进行了探讨。结合水权交易与水市场、流域社会化管理等问题,对流域生态补偿的未来研究趋势进行了展望。

Watershed is an important and united unit of ecological compensation.Watershed ecological compensation is one of the main components of ecological compensation,and implementation of watershed ecological protection can best reflect the integrity of ecosystems and the ecological elements of a comprehensive nature.Watershed eco-compensation mechanism is the forefront of the current ecological and economic research propositions.In this paper,we sort out the domestic and international progress in watershed eco-compensation study,based on the current watershed eco-compensation research and summary of the main problems;combination of watershed eco-compensation mechanism,the compensation standard of assessment methods and means of compensation are two main research questions commentary,in-depth analysis of watershed eco-compensation mechanism innovation,design theory grounded,focused and operable,can achieve long-term,sustainable eco-system of the importance of compensation system.Considering to the water right and water market,the social management of the watershed and cost-benefit of the compensation the trend of watershed compensation were put forward.