几种牙膏对早期釉质龋再矿化效果的体外研究

An in vitro study of remineralization potential of several toothpastes on initial enamel lesions

目的比较几种不同成分牙膏促进脱矿釉质再矿化的作用。方法选择新鲜拔除的牛下颌切牙制备成釉质块,形成早期人工龋。随机分为5组,各组依次为精氨酸牙膏组、氟离子浓度为0.11%牙膏组、酪磷酸蛋白牙膏组、氟化钠组(阳性对照组)、去离子水组(阴性对照组)。分别进行pH循环后,试验样本依次用显微硬度仪、偏光显微镜、激光共聚焦镜对再矿化程度进行检测。运用SPSS 17.0软件,对检测结果进行单因素方差分析及配对t检验分析。结果显微硬度检测结果显示:精氨酸牙膏组、氟化钠组及酪磷酸蛋白牙膏组比0.11%含氟牙膏组的显微硬度恢复的百分比高(P<0.05)。偏振光显微镜检测结果显示:酪磷酸蛋白牙膏组脱矿深度恢复的百分比高于0.11%含氟牙膏组,而较精氨酸牙膏组、氟化钠组低。激光共聚焦显微镜检测结果显示:酪磷酸蛋白牙膏组与0.11%含氟牙膏组荧光渗透减少量较精氨酸牙膏组及氟化钠组少。结论在本实验条件下,精氨酸牙膏、酪磷酸蛋白牙膏都能一定程度的促进早期釉质龋的再矿化作用,其中以精氨酸牙膏作用最强。

Objective To assess the remineralization property of several toothpastes on initial enamel lesions. Methods Bovine enamel blocks with in vitro produced initial lesion were used. The lesions were subjected to a pH-cycling regime for 12 d, with one of five treatments： NaF （positive control） group, pro-arginine group, casein phosphorylation of protein group, toothpaste with 0.11% fluoride group and with distilled and deionized water （DDW） group for negative control. The samples were subsequently evaluated using a mierohardness tester, polarised light microscopy （PLM） and eonfocal laser scanning microscope （CLSM）. Results Surface hardness measurements revealed pro-arginine group, casein phosphorylation of protein group and NaF group had significantly greater effect on enhancing remineralization than that of toothpaste with 0.11% fluoride group （P〈0.05）. Detailed investigation of PLM indicated that casein phosphorylation of protein group and toothpaste with 0.11% fluoride group had limited capacity to reduce the lesion depth compared with pro-arginine group and NaF group （P〈0.05）. Comparing with toothpaste with 0.11% fluoride group, casein phosphorylation of protein group had a significantly greater property of limiting the lesion depth （P〈0.05）. The results of CLSM inferred that the reduction of fluorescent dye infiltration in toothpaste with 0.11% fluoride group and casein phosphorylation of protein group was less than proarginine group and NaF group. Conclusion There is a significant synergistic effect of pro-arginine treatment on promoting the remineralization of initial enamel lesion compared with the other groups.