原发性低血压病中医治疗用药规律文献探讨

Exploring the Regular Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Used in the Treatment of Essential Hypotension by Information Retrieval

目的:通过文献研究探索中医药治疗原发性低血压病的用药规律。方法:检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)1979-2011年文献,获得中医药治疗原发性低血压病相关文献,并分类统计,按中药不同剂型、功效、使用频度进行分类排序。结果 :治疗原发性低血压病的中药中,静脉制剂最常用的是参麦注射液、生脉注射液;口服制剂报道较多的是驴胶补血冲剂、复方冬虫胶囊(院内制剂);汤剂常用补中益气汤、生脉散、八珍汤、桂枝甘草汤等加减,也有用自拟方如黄精升压汤、益气聪明汤治疗原发性低血压病取得良效的报道。单味中药使用频度排序较靠前的为黄芪、甘草、当归、党参、白术、升麻、熟地、麦冬、五味子、桂枝、柴胡、陈皮、附子、人参、黄精、肉桂等,主要包括益气、养血、养阴、温阳及调气、升提等药物。结论:中医药治疗原发性低血压病的用药剂型有静脉、口服和汤剂之不同,但无不从益气入手,临床有据辨证、经验或成药便用而选择益气养血、养阴、温阳等治法,常用调气、升提等药物配伍,少见应用活血等药物。

Objective：To explore the regular pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）used in the treatment of essential hypotension.Methods：Search literature in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）from 1979 to 2011,so as to get the ones correlated with the treatment of TCM to essential hypotension,and sort them in terms of preparation formulation and efficacy of TCM.Results：Among the TCM used in treating essential hypotension,Shenmai injection and Shengmai injection were most commonly used as intravenous therapeutic means;Lujiao Buxue granules and Fufang Dongchong capsules（nosocomial preparations）were reported as available Chinese patent drugs to treat essential hypotension;Buzhong Yiqi decoction,Shengmai powder,Bazhen decoction and Guizhi Gancao decoction were frequently used as basic decoction,besides,the efficacy of some homemade prescription to essential hypotension like Huangjing Shengya decoction and Yiqi Congming decoction were significantly proved,as well.High-frequency single herbs were Huangqi,Gancao,Danggui,Dangshen,Baizhu,Shengma,Shudi,Maidong,Wuweizi,Guizhi,Chaihu,Chenpi,Fuzi,Renshen,Huangjing,Rougui,etc.These TCM drugs mainly worked by tonifying qi,replenishing blood,nourishing yin,warming yang,regulating the flow of qi and ascending qi,respectively.Conclusion：Preparation formulations of TCM used in treating essential hypotension mainly include intravenous injection,Chinese patent drugs and decoction,all of them play important roles in tonifying qi,which is integrated with replenishing blood,nourishing yin,warming yang in reference to evidence of differentiation of symptoms and signs,clinical experience and facilitated patent medicine regulating the flow of qi and ascending qi were also commonly used as subsidiary therapeutic means.Invigorating blood drugs were rarely applied.