广西玉林市农村居民卫生服务需要、需求与利用的调查研究

Need,Demand and Utilization of Health Services in Rural Residents in Yulin City of Guangxi

目的了解广西玉林市农村居民的卫生服务需要、需求和利用现状。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,采用自制调查问卷对广西玉林市897户4 634名居民进行家庭健康询问调查。结果 781人自报在两周内患有各类疾病,共计801人次,两周患病率为172.9‰;536人自报半年内患有各类慢性病,共计639人次,慢性病患病率为13.8%。781名两周患病者就诊1 107人次,两周就诊率为23.9%;调查前1年住院人数为279人,住院人次数为358人次,住院率为7.7%。91.7%的患者就诊时首选村卫生室或乡镇卫生院;51.3%的患者住院医疗机构为县级医院。32.3%的未就诊患者与71.1%的未住院患者是缘于经济困难。农村居民的次均门诊医疗费用为86.7元,平均住院费用为3 648元,门诊费用自付比例为74.4%。结论广西玉林市农村居民的卫生服务需要、需求和利用程度较高;疾病经济负担仍是影响农村居民卫生服务利用的主要因素;新型农村合作医疗的补偿水平有待提高。

Objective To understand the status of need, demand and utilization of health service in rural residents in Yulin city of Guangxi. Methods The stratified random sampling was taken to recruit 4 634 rural residents from 897 households of Yulin city in Guangxi, and the survey of family members health was conducted with self designed - questionnaire among them. Results There were 781 residents who said to have some chronic diseases within two weeks, with a total of 801 personal times and 172. 9%o of disease morbidity. And there were 536 who said to have some chronic diseases, with a total of 639 personal times and 13.8% of disease morbidity. Among the 781residents, the personal times of visit within two week were 1 107, with a 23.9% of visiting rate. The number of hospitalizing patients in the year before was 279, with a personal times of 358 and a hos- pitalization rate of 7.7%. Some 91.7% of the patients first went to the village health stations or town hospitals when they needed to see a doctor. About 51.3% of the patients chose county hospitals for hospitalization. Because of their difficulties in finance, 32.3% of the patients gave up the chance for medical care and 71.1% gave the chance for admission. The average cost of outpa- tient medical care per time was RMB 86. 7 yuan, the average cost of hospitalization was 3 648 yuan, and the self - paid ratio of outpatient fee was 74. 4%. Conclusion The need, demand, and utilization of health service in rural residents Yuhn city of Guangxi are higher. Meanwhile, the economic burden of disease is still main factor to influence their health service utilization, and thus the compensation level of new rural cooperative medical care needs to be improved.