河南省2011年输入性疟疾疫情分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Imported Malaria in Henan Province in 2011

目的分析河南省2011年输入性疟疾疫情,为进一步加强输入性疟疾防治工作提供科学依据。方法用SPSS11.5对河南省2011年输入性疟疾疫情报告数据进行描述性分析。结果 2011年河南省共上报输入性疟疾145例,其中恶性疟110例(75.9%),间日疟31例(21.4%),三日疟3例(2.1%),卵型疟1例(0.7%)。病例中男女比例为47.3∶1,患者平均年龄为(37.7±9.4)岁,其中非洲回国人员113例(77.9%)。病例外出原因主要为境外劳务输出(82.8%,120/145)。全年均有病例报告,无明显季节变化。患者从发病到确诊时间中位数为4 d,患者发病24 h内确诊的仅19例,占13.1%。本省市级医疗及疾控单位报告86例,占63.2%,县级医疗及疾控单位报告40例,占29.4%。经药物治疗后143例痊愈,2例死亡。结论应加强境外疟疾流行区回国人员的疟疾筛检和健康教育,提高县级医疗及疾控单位诊治能力,避免死亡病例发生和继发性传播风险。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Henan Province in 2011, and provide scientific basis for the control of imported malaria. Methods Data of imported malaria were collected and analyzed by SPSSll.5 in 2011. Results 145 imported malaria cases were reported. Among them, 110 （75.9%） were falciparum malaria, 31 （21.4%） were vivax malaria, 3 （2.1%） were quartan malaria, and 1 （0.7%） was ovale malaria. The ratio of males to females was 47.3：1 （142/3）. The average age was （37.7_＋9.4） years old. 113 patients returned from Africa, accounted for 77.9% of the total. The main reason for going abroad among the cases was labor export （82.8%, 120/145）. The cases were reported every month. The median interval from symptom appearing to diagnosis was 4 d, only 19 patients （13.1%） were diagnosed within 24 h. Eighty-six cases （63.2%） were reported by municipal medical units and CDC. Forty cases （29.4%） were reported by county level medical units and CDC. A total of 143 cases recovered with chemotherapy and two cases died. Conclusion In order to avoid the death of malaria cases and reduce the risk of secondary transmission, malaria screening and health education for those returned from malaria-endemic areas should be strengthened and the diagnosis and treatment capabilities be improved at county medical units.