制度性减排的路径选择

Alternative Systematic Approaches toward Carbon Emissions Abatement

多年来,我国依循行政管制路径推进"节能减排",取得显著成效的同时也存在一些问题。进入"十二五"时期,碳减排已成为我国实现可持续发展目标的长期制度性任务,探索更具经济效率的市场化减排道路成为必然。以此为背景,对制度性减排的行政管制路径与市场路径开展比较研究,侧重分析碳税与碳排放权交易两种市场机制,对比分析配额交易与基准线交易两种不同形式。

China needs efficient and effective systematic approaches,other than ＂Command and Control＂,toward its ambitious target to cut Carbon Emissions per unit of GDP by 40%～45% by 2020,compared with 2005.Introduced with its 12th ＂Five-year Plan＂,pilot projects for carbon emissions abatement,based upon carbon tax as well as upon carbon emissions trading,are being launched since 2013,heralding an upcoming move toward market-based approaches.This paper thereby pursues a comparison study on ＂command and control＂ versus market-based approaches,detailing the mechanisms of carbon tax,＂cap and trade＂,and ＂baseline and credit＂.