芳基油酸酰胺羟丙基磺基甜菜碱的合成及性能

Synthesis and Properties of Aryl Oleic Amide Hydroxypropyl Sulfobetaine

合成了3种具有不同疏水基团的新型磺基甜菜碱两性表面活性剂,通过红外光谱对它们的结构进行了表征。用滴体积法测定表面活性剂水溶液在25℃下的表面张力,从而确定其临界胶束浓度(cmc)及临界胶束浓度下的表面张力(γcmc);采用罗氏泡沫仪考察了浓度、温度对其泡沫性能的影响;采用分水时间法考察了其乳化性能。结果表明,随着芳环在烷基链中的体积增大,cmc以及γcmc增大,饱和吸附面积Amin增大,而饱和吸附量Γmax减小。3种表面活性剂的起泡性随浓度增大而增加,到一定值后趋于稳定;泡沫稳定性随浓度增大逐渐增强;起泡性随着温度的升高而显著增加,泡沫稳定性随温度升高而显著降低。3种表面活性剂的乳化能力随浓度增大而逐渐增强然后趋于稳定。

Three kinds of novel sulfobetaine amphoteric surfactants with different hydrophobic groups were synthesiszed.Their structures were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy.The surface tensions of the product in dilute aqueous solutions were measured at 25 ℃ by drop-volume method and then the critical micelle concentration（cmc） and surface tension at the critical micelle concentration（γcmc） were determined.The effects of the concentration and temperature on their foam properties were investigated by Ross-Miles method.Meanwhile the emulsifying properties of three kinds of sulfobetaines were investigated by a water diversion method.The experimental results showed that an increase of the aromatic ring size in the alkyl chain increased the critical micelle concentration and surface tension at the critical micelle concentration.However,with the increase of the aromatic ring size,the adsorption of arylalkyl surfactants began to weaken.As the mass concentration of three kinds of surfactants raised,the foaming power increased firstly,and then remained at a certain value.The foam stability was enhanced gradually with increasing the concentration.As the temperature increased,the foaming power was heightened significantly,while foam stability decreased.As the concentration increased,the emulsifying power of three kinds of surfactants increased firstly and then stayed to a certain value.