“以学生为中心”的本科教育实践误区及引导原则

Practice Errors and Guiding Principles on "Student-centered" Undergraduate Education

"以学生为中心"的本科教育理念由美国学者提出和倡导,带来了本科教育基本观念、教学方法和教学管理的系列变革。"以学生为中心"的理念正在影响着我国的本科教育,使我国本科教育取得了可喜的转变。但这一改革还存在着教育理想的民族缺失、教育思想的本土偏离、教育目标的避高趋低、教育活动的儿童思维、教学内容的删繁就简、教学方式的引人娱乐、教学过程的散乱无序、课外生活的放任自为、教育评价的片面倚重、教育主体的学生独挡等十大实践误区。引导"以学生为中心"的本科教育走出现有实践误区,必须坚持借鉴西方教育理论与尊重我国教育实际相结合、延伸理论应用范畴与遵循学生身心规律相结合、激发学生求知潜能与满足社会需求目标相结合、重视学生主体地位与重视教师主体地位相结合、改革教学方法手段与培育特色教育理念相结合、进行教育教学改革与做好系统配套建设相结合等原则。

The idea of ＂student-centered＂undergraduate education has brought a series of reforms on basic idea, teaching method and teaching management of undergraduate ＂student-centered＇concept is affecting our undergraduate educati education advocate by American scholar. The on and has made it changing gratifyingly, but the reform still exists ten errors, including losing myself in education ideal, leaving own in education thought, cutting down in education goal, becoming children in education activities, getting simple in teaching content, entertaining and amusing in teaching fashion, scattering and incoherent in teaching process, indulging and freeing in extracurricular life, stressing partially in education evaluation, singling uniquely in education subject. To get out of misunderstanding, we must adhere to some principles, such as combining borrowing western education theory with respecting our education reality, combining extending theory category with following students growing rule, combining arousing students learning potential with meeting social need target, combining attaching students subject position with paying more attention to teachers＇ main body position, combining reforming teaching methods and means with breeding characteristic education concept, combining reforming education with constructing a good supporting system.