云南省西双版纳地区2011年蚊虫及虫媒病毒调查

Investigation of mosquitoes and arboviruses in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan province,China in 2011

目的了解云南省西双版纳地区蚊虫媒介的分布特点及当地虫媒病毒情况,为虫媒病毒病防治提供科学依据。方法在云南省西双版纳州采集蚊虫标本,用细胞培养法分离病毒,并用RTPCR法检测常见虫媒病毒核酸;在西双版纳州采集发热患者血清及脑脊液标本,并用ELISA法检测常见病毒性脑炎IgM抗体。结果共采获蚊虫5属29种13337只,其中三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊、带足按蚊分别占蚊虫标本总数的79.98%(10667/13337)、7.95%(1060/13337)和7.38%(984/13337),三带喙库蚊为当地优势蚊种。采用流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)病毒、版纳病毒、甲病毒属、环状病毒等多种虫媒病毒引物对214批蚊虫标本进行PCR检测,结果均为阴性;采用多种细胞对蚊虫标本进行病毒分离,结果也为阴性。用相关脑炎病毒试剂盒对采集到的52份急性期血清标本及54份脑脊液标本进行ELISA检测,发现乙脑病毒IgM阳性16例,单纯疱疹病毒IgM抗体阳性4例,腮腺炎病毒IgM抗体阳性13例,埃可病毒IgM抗体阳性3例,登革热病毒IgM抗体阳性1例。结论 2011年西双版纳地区采集到的蚊虫标本中未检测到乙脑、版纳及环状病毒等虫媒病毒,但血清学检测结果表明当地发热患者存在乙脑等多种病毒性脑炎感染。

Objective To investigate the distribution profiles of mosquitoes and arboviruses in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan province, China, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of arbovirus diseases. Methods Mosquito samples were collected in Xishuangbanna and then used for virus isolation by cell culture. RT-PCR was used to identify arbovirus. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from fever patients, and the common encephalitis virus IgM antibodies were detected by ELISA. Results A total of 13 337 mosquitoes, belonging to 29 species and 5 genera, were collected. The main mosquitoes were Culex tritaeniorhynchus （79.98%, 10 667/13 337）, followed by Anopheles sinertsis （7.95%, 1060/13 337） and An. peditaeniattts （7.38%, 984/13 337）. Several specific primers for Japanese encephalitis virus （JEV）, Banna virus, alphavirus, and cireovirus were used for PCR detection in 214 batches of mosquitoes, and no virus was isolated from the mosquitoes. Also, no virus was found in isolation using several types of cells. A total of 52 serum samples and 54 eerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from patients in acute stage by kits for encephalitis viruses and then subject to ELISA. There were 16 cases with JEV IgM, 4 cases with Herpes simplex virus IgM, 13 cases with mumps virus IgM, 3 cases with ECHO virus IgM, and 1 case with dengue virus IgM. Conclusion No JEV, BAV, and cireovirus were detected from mosquitoes collected in Xisbuangbanna,Yunnan province, China in 2011. However, serological resuhs indicated that local fever patients were infected with several viruses such as JEV.