北京市顺义区2009-2011年蚊媒监测流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on mosquito monitoring from 2009 to 2011 in Shunyi district,Beijing

目的了解顺义区2009-2011年蚊媒监测情况,为2015年全市达到消除疟疾目标提供科学依据。方法蚊虫监测方法采用国家标准GB/23797-2009中的诱蚊灯捕获法;通过描述性研究方法对北京市顺义区2009-2011年蚊媒监测数据进行流行病学分析;蚊密度数据比较采用方差分析。结果 2009-2011年顺义区以淡色库蚊为主,占捕蚊总数的99.57%;各年监测的蚊密度比较稳定,差异无统计学意义(F=0.214,P=0.807);时间分布以7、8月为主,占捕蚊总数的58.63%,显著高于其他月份(F=22.085,P<0.01);监测点以公园绿地蚊密度最高,平均为2.88只/h,显著高于居民区和医院(F=34.55,P<0.01);通过多因素分析发现,监测月份及地点是影响蚊密度的主要因素,且二者之间存在交互作用。结论根据2009-2011年蚊媒监测结果 ,顺义区发生疟疾本地病例的传播风险较低;另外,在蚊媒监测和措施干预过程中要注意季候与环境之间的协同作用。

Objective To investigate distribution of mosquito density from 2009 to 2011 in Shunyi district and provide data for scientific elimination of malaria in 2015. Methods According to GB/23797-2009, capture method of light-traps was adopted in mosquito surveillance. Epidemiological analysis was carried out on mosquito density monitoring from 2009 to 2011 in Shunyi district. Analysis of variance was adopted in statistic analysis. Results Culex pipiens paUens was the dominant mosquito species （99.57%）. Mosquito densities were not significantly different among 2009, 2010 and 2011 （F=0.214, P=0.807）. The mosquito number caught on July and August was 58.63% of total number. Mosquito density of public parks was 2.88 per hour and significantly higher than those of residential areas and hospitals （F=34.55, P〈0.01）. Multivariate analysis showed that month and place of investigation were influence factors on mosquito density and their effects can be compounded. Conclusion The risk on spread native malaria was low and the compounded effect of month and place on mosquito density should be paid attention to.