宁波口岸蜱类及莱姆病病原体携带情况的调查研究

Investigation on ticks and the pathogen of Lyme disease in Ningbo port

目的掌握宁波口岸蜱的种群特征和莱姆病病原携带情况。方法采用人工小时布旗法采蜱,用PCR法检测蜱类中携带的莱姆病DNA片段。结果采集蜱872只,隶属于1科3属3种,分别为中华硬蜱、长角血蜱、镰形扇头蜱,其中长角血蜱占97.36%,为优势种;3-9月均可捕获蜱,3-6月为高峰期,7月下旬种群数量开始急剧减少;莱姆病螺旋体DNA片段检测均呈阴性。结论查清宁波口岸蜱的种群结构,宁波口岸尚无莱姆病自然疫源地的证据。

Objective To investigate the breeding features of tick population and the Lyme disease pathogen carriers in Ningbo port. Methods All ticks were manually collected from grassland with white banner collection method, and the DNA fragments of Lyme leptospira were detected by PCR. Results A total of 872 ticks were captured from Ningbo port, which were identified to be of 1 family, 3 genuses and 3 species, including the Ixodes sinensis Teng, Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann and Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides Supino. The H. longicornis Neumann was the dominant specie, accounting for 97.36%. Ticks were prevalent from March to September, with peak population seen from March to June and a sharp decline in July. The DNA fragments of Lyme leptospira were negative. Conclusion There is no evidence indicating that Ningbo port is a natural focus of Lyme disease.