受众心理分析视角的网络谣言治理

Internet Rumors Governance in the Perspective of Internet Surfers' Psychological Analysis

网络受众是网络谣言传播的主体,其不同的心理状态推动了网络谣言的生成与传播。网络受众的心理状态主要表现为泄愤心理、从众心理、窥私心理、投射心理以及选择心理等多种复杂的心理状态。这些心理状态的成因在于社会主义民主法制不健全、政府公信力低以及受众理性精神不足。唯有通过加强民主法制建设,健全网络法治监管,建立信息发布机制,建立辟谣中介组织以及加强网络媒介素养教育等途径,才能培育成熟的网络受众心理,从而提升网络谣言治理的成效。

Internet surfers are the subject of internet rumors spreading whose different psychological state promotes the generation and dissemination of internet rumors. The mental state of the network surfers are mainly to vent their anger psychological, herd mentality, glimpse of the private psychological, projection psychological, as well as select psychological. The causes of these mental states are the imperfection of socialist democracy and the legal system, the poor credibility of the government, as well as the lack of rational spirit. Only by strengthening democracy and the legal system, improving the network rule of law, establishing an information release mechanism, establishing rumor intermediary organizations, as well as strengthening the media literacy education of the network, can we cultivate a mature network audience psychology, so as to enhance the network rumors governance effectiveness.