汉语致歉策略性别差异研究

A Study of the Difference between Male and Female Politeness Strategies in Apology in Chinese Context

随着社会语言学的发展,言语行为的性别差异与社会文化之间的关系越来越受到研究者的关注。探讨汉语语境中致歉策略使用上的性别差异及其成因,是当今社会语言学研究中的一个重要议题。本文采用问卷调查与访谈的形式,主要基于Olshtain和Cohen的5个致歉语义公式,对汉语语境中男女致歉言语策略进行定量、定性分析后,发现两性在致歉策略的运用上存在显著差异,即:女性比男性使用较多致歉策略。语言使用上表现出来的性别差异可从男女生活的亚文化环境及面子的角度得到诠释。

Along with the advancement of sociolinguistics, it has become a great concern to study the relationship between gender difference in speech act and social cultures. Exploring gender difference in Chinese apology and its influencing factors has been brought into the main focus in present sociolinguistic studies. This paper, by using questionnaires and interviews, studies the difference between male and female politeness strategies in apology in the Chinese context in terms of Olshtain and Cohen＇s five potential semantic formulas as well as some minor strategies in apology. Through quantitative as well as qualitative analyses, it is found that there is significant differences between male and female politeness strategies in apology in the Chi-nese context, with females producing （including repetitions） more such formulas than males. Namely, females are found to be more polite than males in apology, which highlights possible social factors underlying this phenomenon.