农村糖尿病高危人群系统化健康教育效果评价

Evaluation of the Systemized Healthy Education among the Highly Risked Population with Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Area

目的探讨对农村糖尿病高危人群进行系统化健康教育的效果,对预防农村糖尿病高危人群患糖尿病具有重要意义。方法于2007年1-11月从门诊就诊者中筛选出农村糖尿病高危者216例,随机分为干预组(n=110)和对照组(n=106)。干预组给予系统化健康教育,包括系统传授糖尿病知识,实施饮食、运动计划,定期监测血压及血生化指标,每月随访1次,根据存在的问题及时调整计划,指导、监督计划的落实并评价效果,干预为期2年;对照组按自主需求给予随机指导。结果干预后,干预组糖尿病相关知识知晓率、依从性好的百分率、良好生活方式形成的百分率、具备自我管理能力的百分率高于对照组,血压、血糖、血脂、体重控制情况优于对照组,糖尿病发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对农村糖尿病高危人群进行系统化的健康教育可帮助患者建立健康的生活方式,预防糖尿病的发生。

Objective To explore the effect of the systemized healthy education to the highly risked population with diabetes mellitus（DM） in Qinhuangdao.Methods Two hundred and sixteen high-risk cases for DM were screened out from the physical examination population in the hospital in rural area,and they were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group.The first group was treated by the systemized healthy education,including instructing of knowledge about DM,carrying out diet and sports plan,detecting blood pressure and biochemical index at a regular interval and being followed up every month.The control group was randomly instructed on its own accord.Results After intervention for two years,the awareness rate of DM knowledge,the percentage of healthy life-style establishment and self-management capability,DM occurrence rate of intervention group and the controlling status of phylogical-biochemical index were significantly better than those in the control group（P0.01）.Conclusion The systemized healthy education to the highly risked population with DM in rural area can help its establishment of healthy lifestyle,reduce and delay the occurrence of DM.