中心地理论创新与发展的基本视角和框架

Basic Perspective and Preliminary Framework for the Theoretical Innovation and Development of Central Place Theory in New Times

中心地理论是城市地理学揭示规律、解决问题的重要方法之一。面对时代发展、社会转型、技术进步及其带来的城市与区域巨变,中心地理论需要创新发展。首先,突破中心地理论的严苛假设、忽视系统动态性和自然—人文要素综合性的固有缺陷,拓宽其普适性。其次,以动态的和联系的眼光审视中心地系统外部条件、内部要素和组织形式与机制变化,从中发现理论创新的视角。包括人口再分布,城市体系重组,全球产业网络兴起等宏观背景变化的视角;现代交通条件、信息技术发展、技术革新、体制变革等影响要素和机制变化的视角;全球城市网络形成,城市带、群、链迅速聚合,底层中心地重构等中心地系统组织形式新变革的视角;RS、GIS和现代统计手段应用的视角。再次,中心地理论创新与发展有必要从"肢解"阶段进入到整体完善过程,构建创新与发展的基本框架:①以指导实际应用,形成理论和研究范式为创新和发展的目标;②以中心性测度新模型、严苛条件缓和、动态中心地系统、中心地系统畸变模式、中心地扩散域的空间嵌套等为创新和发展的核心内容;③突破自然—人文耦合要素对中心地系统影响机理及模型化表达,现代中心地系统空间图景,动态开放的现代中心地系统建设等重点问题。

The Central Place Theory is one of the important thinking modes and methods to solve practical prob- lems and reveal the regulations in urban geography. Facing times development, social transformation, technique progress and the results of great changes in the city and the region, the Central Place Theory calls for theoretical innovations and development. Firstly, eliminating theoretical limitation to broaden the range of application. The traditional Central Place Theory is based on severe assumptions and is weak for its characteristics of dynamics and property of synthesis on natural-human factors.. Secondly, it needs to re-survey changes in the Central Place System of its external conditions, internal factors, organization form and mechanism in the new background dy- namically. And the system acquires perspectives of theoretical innovations, which includes the following. The first perspective is the one of macro-background changes, such as spatial transference of population distribution, urban system recombination and global value chain rising. The second perspective is of influencing factors and mechanism, such as recombination of modem traffic conditions and the Central Place System, information tech- nology and organization networking of producing and living, technology revolution and transference of central place and its diffusion domain, system reform and principles of central place system organization. The third per- spective is on changes in Central Place System organization form, such as global city networking, polymeriza- tion of cities, and base central place organization. The last one is the perspective of modem technology applica- tion, such as RS, GIS and modem statistical method. Finally, it is necessary to step into a stage of improving inte- grally from researching fragmentary in order to construct a basic framework of innovations and development of the Central Place Theory, which is learnt from the history. （1） Innovations and development aim to guide practi- cal applications and form research paradigms of theory and method. （2） Key contents of innovations and devel- opment are as follows： centrality measuring model, strict research conditions alleviation, dynamic Central Place System, Central Place System distortion model, and space nesting of diffusion domain. （3） Three issues are to be solved： modeling natural-human influence mechanism and the central place system, tracing the development of urban environment and central place structure morphology and changing static study into dynamic developing study.