上海市金山第二工业区地表水挥发性有机物水平调查

A Survey on Volatile Organic Compounds Levels in Surface Water of Jinshan Second Industrial Zone, Shanghai

[目的]调查上海市金山第二工业区河流中挥发性有机物污染情况。[方法]于2011年选取金山第二工业区河流的上、中、下段，布置3个采样断面，每个断面采集2份水样，采用吹扫捕集一气相色谱质谱联用仪进行丰水期和枯水期的13种挥发性有机物监测。[结果]方法的精密度和准确度均符合调查方案的要求，回收率为90．4％-108．2％，不同组分的相对标准偏差为0．52％-8．27％。在13种挥发性有机物中，枯水期与丰水期均检出二氯甲烷、1，1，1-三氯乙烷、苯、1，2-二氯乙烷、甲苯、氯苯、乙苯、二甲苯、1，4．二氯苯、1，2-二氯苯，根据《地表水环境质量标准》评价水体质量，检出的挥发性有机物均末超标。[结论]本次调查的地表水检出多种挥发性有机物，其中1，2-二氯乙烷浓度最高，应加强企业1，2-二氯乙烷的排放管理，防止水体质量进一步恶化。

L Objective J To find out the pollution characteristics of river water due to volatile organic compounds （VOCs） m Jinshan Second Industrial Zone. [ Methods ] Duplicate water samples were collected from the upper, middle, and lower streams of a river in Jinshan Second Industrial Zone in both dry and wet seasons in 2011. The determination of 13 VOCs was performed with blowing and arresting device and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. [ Results ] The precision and accuracy of this method met the requirements of this survey plan. The rate of recovery was 90.4%-108.2%, and RSD was 0.52%-8.27%. The compounds detected in both dry and wet seasons were dichloromethane, 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane, benzene, 1, 2-dichloroethane, methylbenzene, chlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, dimethylbenzene, 1, 4-dichlorobenzene, and 1, 2-dichlorobenzene. However, according to Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water, the concentrations of VOCs detected did not in any case exceed the prescribed limits. [ Conclusion ] Several VOCs are detected in the survey, among which 1, 2-dichloroethane presents the highest concentration. It suggests that enterprises should pay more attention to pollutant discharge management to prevent surface water quality from worsening.