滇龙胆草种子休眠机制与萌发特性初步研究

Preliminary Study on Seed Dormancy Mechanism and Germination Characteristics of Gentiana rigescens

为探索滇龙胆草种子的休眠机制及解除种子休眠的措施,对滇龙胆草种子采取了休眠程度测定、种子萌发时吸水规律测定、种子休眠机制的生物学鉴定、室温贮藏下种子生活力变化测定及低温层积处理效果。结果表明:新采集的滇龙胆草种子较经低温(4℃)贮藏了1年的种子萌发时间长;由于种皮相对透水、透气差,在室温下种子需经39 h才能充分吸水膨胀;新采集的滇龙胆草种子中有可溶于水的萌发抑制物,其水浸提液对白菜籽萌发及胚根生长均有抑制作用;滇龙胆草种子在室温下贮藏时,随着贮藏时间的延长,其活力逐渐下降,在生产实践中,种子在室温下的贮藏时间不宜超过6个月;一定时间的低温层积处理有利于种子萌发,为缩短刚采收种子的萌发时间,50～80 d的低温层积处理效果相对较好。

In order to explore seed dormancy mechanism of Gentiana rigescens and measures that are helpful to relieve seed dormancy, through testing seed dormancy degree, absorption water regulation, biological characteristics of dormancy mechanism, seed viability change in room temperature, and the result of cold stratification of Gentiana rigescens seed. The result were as follows：in contrast to seed of Gentiana rigescens that has been stored for one year in low temperature （4 ℃ ）, germination of newly collected seed spent longer time, due to seed coat had relative lower permeabllity for water and air, seed absorbed enough water would spent about 39 hours, the newly collected seed of Gentiana rigescens had water soluble germination inhibition substance, its extraction liquid had inhibition effect on both seed germination and radicle growth of Brassica Chinensis. when seed was stored in room temperature, with storage time last, seed viability lost gradually, in practice, the optimum storage time was not more than six months in room temperature conditions, cold stratification treatment with certain time was helpful to seed germination, in order to shorten germination time of newly collected seed, 50 - 80 days of cold stratification treatment had relative beneficial result.