治理理论视角下中国竞技体育不正之风体制原因探析——以中国足球为例

Study of Institutional Reasons of Malpractices in the Field of Chinese Competitive Sports from the Perspective of Governance Theory——Based on the Analysis of Chinese Football

随着经济社会的改革和竞技体育的发展,竞技体育比赛中的不正之风,尤其是足球领域的"假赌黑",引起了社会的强烈不满和高层的关注。借助治理理论可以发现,中国竞技体育管理体制未能形成政府、市场和第三部门相互制约、相互合作的有效治理框架,这是导致竞技体育不正之风滋生、蔓延的重要根源和体制原因。治理竞技体育领域的不正之风,应改革现有"政府独大"的管理体制,树立"多元并存、相互制约、分工合作"的治理理念,探索建立具有中国特色的竞技体育治理体制。

Malpractices in the field of competitive sports, especially the problem of cheating, gambling and black whistle in Chinese football, arouse strong social dissatisfaction and senior leaders＇ attention. According to the governance theory, the high degree of Chinese administrative monopoly and the closed management system of competitive sports result in the failure in forming a mutually restrictive, cooperative and effective governance framework among the administration, markets and the third sectors. This is the major cause and institutional reason contributing to the spread of malpractices. To eradicate the malpractices, it＇s necessary to reform the existing management system of competitive sports characterized by ＂government monopoly＂. What＇s more, we should establish a management philosophy of ＂coexistence, mutual restraint, and close cooperation＂, and explore a competitive sport governance system with Chinese characteristics.