论公益诉讼是支持起诉和督促起诉的发展方向

The Public Interest Lawsuit is a Direction of Development of Supporting and Urging Prosecution

在现代各国民事诉讼中,检察机关提起民事公益诉讼得到普遍确立。但在我国由于相关制度的缺失,致使检察机关不能依法代表国家或社会公众提起民事公益诉讼。近年来,我国各地检察机关根据现实需要,进行了支持起诉和督促起诉的实践探索。有人认为,检察机关支持起诉、督促起诉是检察职能的有益延伸和制度创新。也有人认为,检察机关支持起诉、督促起诉存在公权干预私权之嫌。笔者认为,检察机关支持起诉、督促起诉是在我国现有立法关于民事公益诉讼制度缺失情况下的保护国家利益、社会公共利益和弱势群体合法权益的一种"曲线救国",这种制度的价值在于有利于维护社会公共利益。但是随着我国法治进程的深入和司法实践的不断丰富,在此基础上建立一套规范的民事公益诉讼制度势在必行,以满足保护国家利益和社会公共利益的切实需要。

In the modern civil litigation, the public interest lawsuit is generally established. Bu due to the lack of relevant systems, the procuratorial organs in China can not legally bring the lawsuit on behalf of the country or society. In recent years, the local procuratorial organs in our country have supported and urged the prosecution based on practical needs. Some people think that this action is a useful extension and system innovation of procuratorial functions. But some think that the action is a kind of power intervention. The author thinks that the action is a ＂line of national salvation＂ for protecting national interests, public interests and the legitimate rights and interests of vulnerable groups. With the deep process and judicial practice, the system of civil public interest lawsuit should be established to meet the needs of protecting national interest and public interest.