语言是一种世界观——洪堡特的语言观反思

On Humbodt's View of Language

洪堡特的思想是理性主义与浪漫主义激烈碰撞的产物,它推动了德国哲学的语言转向。他的思想中不仅体现出语言工具论向语言本体论转变的趋势,也预示了语言研究方法从描写向解释的倾斜。同时,洪堡特的思想不仅为英美分析哲学的发展提供了启示,也为乔姆斯基的普遍语法奠定了哲学基础。本文立足洪堡特的语言观,探讨以人为本的语言哲学研究对主流哲学的颠覆性,揭示语言工具论向语言本体论转变的过程,尝试将英美分析哲学与欧洲大陆哲学进行整合性研究。

Humbodt＇ s view of language is the complex of rationalism and romanticism, which impelled the linguistic turn of German philosophy. His thought not only reflects the tendency of language ontology, but also predicts the linguistic methodology changing from description to exploration. Meanwhile, his thought provides the philosophical basis for the Chomsky＇ s grammar and illumi- nates the analytical philosophy. This thesis basis on Humboldt＇ s view of language, discusses human-based philosophy＇ s subver- sion for main trend philosophy, reveals the change from the instrumentalism to ontology of language.