语言的不确定性与系统功能语法中的模糊性

Linguistic Indeterminacy and Fuzziness in Systemic-Functional Grammar

不确定性是自然语言的普遍特征。韩礼德提出了系统功能语法理论特有的许多范畴概念描写语法和语法系统里的不确定性;90年代以来,他从"以语法方式思考"的语法学角度更细致地分析了语言各个层面的不确定性和模糊性,并明确提到了模糊逻辑概念。本文通过讨论语言(学)的不确定性问题和韩礼德对模糊性的正视和深入分析,指出系统功能语法和语法学理论直接触及到逻辑学领域和人工智能等相关学科关心的问题。

Indeterminacy is a universal feature in natural language. Halliday has invented categories and concepts specific to lals sys- temic-functional description of indeterminacies in both the grammar and the grammatical system. Since the 1990s, in developing a theory of grannnatics that ＂thinks grammatically＂, Halliday has paid increasing attention to fuzziness, with explicit reference to fuzzy logic. This paper discusses issues in linguistic indeterminacies, presents some details of Halliday＇ s analyses and descrip- tions of indeterminacies and fuzziness, and points out that such serious treatment has touched upon crucial issues in several fields of logic and in related disciplines, such as artificial intelligence.