摘穗与秸秆粉碎复式作业机构设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Cob-picking and Stalk-chopping United Mechanism

设计了一种摘穗与秸秆粉碎复式作业机构。该机构主要由摘穗板、一对拉茎辊和一个切割刀辊组成。拉茎辊带有凸棱,凸棱上按一定间隔设有开口,切割刀辊上装有缺口圆盘刀片,刀片与拉茎辊凸棱的开口配合,茎秆下拉时,切割刀辊将茎秆切碎,一套机构实现摘穗和秸秆切碎2个功能。建立了茎秆下拉运动方程,分析了茎秆在机构间的运动规律,理论上证明了茎秆下拉的运动轨迹具有较好的直线度。初步试验表明,该机构的摘穗效果良好,籽粒损伤率和果穗损失率低、茎秆折断减少,功耗是摘穗机构与秸秆切碎机构分置时的35%,节能效果显著。

A corn cob-picking mechanism with stalk-choppingfunction was designed.It consists of a cob-picking plate,a pair of stem pull-rollers with rib and a cutting knife roller.Two functions can be achieved by the one mechanism.The corn stalk was chopped by the cutout disk which through the space of pull-roller units when it was being pull down by the two stem pull-rollers.The corn stalks＇ characteristics of motion in the mechanism were analyzed by a model of motion process.It was found that the motion trail of the corn stalk in the pull-rollers has quite good straightness.And the test results showed that the seed damage,shattering loss and corn stalk broken were decreased a lot by using this mechanism.The cob-picking were nicely achieved when the stalk were chopped.Remarkable power consumption reduced revealed by the 35% lesser average power consumption compared with traditional way.