公共行政的历史视角:行政史研究的回顾与展望

A Historical Perspective of Public Administration: a Retrospective and Prospective Glimpse

本文回顾了20世纪20年代以来行政史研究的起落。不同时代的研究内容清单表明,行政史仍然还不是一门学科,仅仅是散落在一系列学科中的研究主题。本文认为,重建行政史研究的努力在公共行政学体系的建设中是不容忽视的。行政史可以在行政组织、行政过程以及行政官员这三个公共行政的基本概念上进行构建,并将理论实证、历史社会学以及分析性叙事的研究方法贯穿始终,从而在理论建构和社会演进中铺设一条与政治制度变迁的平行线。当前,行政史研究在欧洲公共行政学界已经呈现出再次复兴的态势,我们理应在公共行政的学术视角下,挖掘中国行政史所具有的文明价值和制度意义,使其在行政史研究复兴的过程中更具有世界意义。

This paper provides a retrospect to the rise and fall of research on administrative history since the 1920s. The imperative menu of research topics of different period shows that the administrative history is just the scattered focuses in many disci- plines and is still not fully independent. This paper argues that the administrative history is the major branch of public ad- ministration. The restoration of research cannot be ignored. Its locus can be constructed of three basic concepts which are administrative institutions, administrative procedures and diverse civil service. Also three methods run through which are positivism, historical sociology and analytic narratives. Thus we can draw a parallel line of political regime change in the process of social evolution. The research on administrative history is undergoing a revival in Europe. It＇s now time for us to excavate domestic resources on China＇s administrative history and to explain its value of civilization on the academic view of public administration which will be siznificant on the world scale.