快速城市化进程中的人口流出地乡村社会变迁研究——对山西省中部地区的实证研究

Rural Transition of Outflow Viliage Under the Rapid Urbanization:An Empirical Study on the Middle Shanxi Province

快速城市化进程中,农村劳动力大量涌入城市,乡村地区出现了诸多社会经济问题。在快速城市化的视角下,特别是从城市化对乡村影响的理论角度,对山西省中部地区的3个典型村庄进行实证研究。研究发现,农村劳动力外流现象十分突出,有外出务工人员的农户家庭比例超过60%,但也存在无特殊技能的高龄农民工回流的趋势。此外,研究还发现乡村出现了农村老龄化、留守妇女、留守儿童教育、传统乡土社会瓦解等问题。这些问题是快速城市化进程中不容回避的问题。

In the process of rapid urbanization,the rural labor force pouring into the cities leads to the rising of many social and economic problems in the country.In this study,three typical villages in the central area of Shanxi Province are chosen for empirical research from the perspective of rapid urbanization,especially from the theoretical perspective of the influence of urbanization on rural areas.It is found that the outflow of rural labor force phenomenon is quite prominent.The proportion that peasant households which have migrant workers is over 60%,and there is also a trend that elder migrant worker who has no special skills returns home.In addition,it is also found that there are some other issues in rural areas,such as aging,the low education of children,the woman managing the family alone,the dismantling of traditional rural society,and so on.These problems are inevitable in the process of rapid urbanization.