超高压矿物研究进展

Research Progress on Ultrahigh-Pressure Minerals

我国超高压矿物研究近十年来取得了重要进展。参与发现了5个超高压新矿物及若干待命名高压相,被国际矿物协会新矿物、命名与分类委员会批准和命名的超高压矿物包括涂氏磷钙石、塞石英、玲根石、谢氏超晶石、阿考寨石等。在冲击变质陨石中发现了后尖晶石结构的超高压相,即谢氏超晶石和CF相,引起了高压地质学及大地构造学界的关注。揭示了从冲击成因二氧化硅熔体中结晶的柯石英,合理地限定了冲击变质成因柯石英的形成压力温度条件,为我国首个地外天体撞击构造——岫岩陨石坑的证实提供了关键的矿物物理证据。

Significant progress of ultrahigh-pressure mineral investigation has been achieved in the last decade in China.In addition to some unnamed high-pressure phases,a total of 5 ultrahigh-pressure minerals,including tuite,seifertite,lingunite,xieite and akaogiite,has been discovered and named by CNMNC of IMA.The natural occurrences of post-spinel structured ultrahigh-pressure minerals,i.e.xieite and CF phase,was firstly found in the shock-metamorphosed chondrite,and the occurrences have already drawn attentions of scientific societies of high-pressure geology and tectonics.The finding of coesite in the shock-produced silica melt not only constraints the pressure and the temperature conditions of forming coesite by the shocking metamorphism but also provides the key mineral physics evidence for the first confirmed meteorite impact structure of China.