电动汽车与电网能量交互的双向变流器拓扑研究

Topology of Bi-directional Converter Used for Energy Interaction Between Electric Vehicle and Grid

针对国内外广泛关注的电动汽车与电网互动技术,对二者能量交互的接口——双向变流器进行了研究。首先分类介绍了几种典型的适用于电动汽车充放电机的电路拓扑,并对其主要特点和基本原理进行了比较和分析。在此基础上,提出了一种新颖的高功率因数双向单级全桥变换器(bi-directional single-phase single-stage full-bridge converter,BSS-FBC)拓扑,相比其他典型拓扑,该变换器具有效率高、功率密度高、谐波污染小、体积小、成本低、控制简单等特点。介绍了该拓扑的工作原理和设计要点,采用二重傅里叶积分方法对该拓扑进行了谐波特性分析。基于所提出的拓扑及控制方案,制作了一台功率为3.3kW的样机,通过仿真和实验验证了该变换器的优良性能。

In view of the interaction technology between electric vehicle and gird, which has attracted widespread attention domestically and abroad, the bi-directional converter used as their energy interaction interface was investigated in this paper. Several typical topologies that suit for applying to electric vehicle bi-directional charger were introduced at first. Based on the comparison of characteristics and principles, a novel high power factor bi-directional single-stage full-bridge （BSS-FBC） topology was presented. This converter has the advantage of high efficiency, high power density, low harmonics, small volume, low cost, simple control, etc.. The working principle and design of key parameters were introduced. Besides, the harmonic characteristic of this topology was analyzed through double-Fourier integral algorithm. On the basis of the topology and control strategy, a 3.3 kW prototype was developed. The excellent characteristics of this converter were verified by simulation and experiment.