东部沿海城市与西部半干旱地区近地层臭氧浓度观测研究

Observation study of the boundary-layer ozone concentration in eastern coastal city and west arid area

利用东部沿海城市天津大气边界层观测站(以下简称天津站)和西部兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站(SACOL)一年的臭氧和NOX体积浓度观测资料,对比分析了两观测站点近地层臭氧浓度的逐月变化、频率分布、日变化特征以及与NOX之间的相关关系。结果表明,两观测站点臭氧浓度月均值变化呈现出很好的一致性,均在4—7月出现高值,12月至次年2月出现低值,SACOL臭氧浓度月均值的最大值和最小值出现时间要比天津站推迟一个月。天津站臭氧体积浓度主要分布在10～50μL/m3,SACOL则集中在10～70μL/m3,春、夏季两观测站点臭氧体积浓度低于10μL/m3的频率均很小,秋、冬季两观测站点臭氧浓度频率分布特征类似。两观测站点臭氧浓度日变化在4个季节均呈现典型的单峰型分布,SACOL臭氧浓度日最大值出现时刻要比天津站晚2h。两观测站点臭氧浓度与NOX、NO2、NO的浓度之间均呈显著的负相关关系。天津站与臭氧浓度的相关性最强的为NO,而SACOL则是NOX。

The ozone and nitrogen oxides concentrations in Tianjin and Lanzhou were observed by Tianjin atmospheric boundary-layer observatory and semi-arid climate observatory and laboratory （SACOL）, these observational data were used to analyze and compare the monthly variations, frequency distributions and diurnal changes of ozone concentration in eastern coastal area and western arid area of China. The correlations between ozone and nitrogen oxides were also analyzed. The results showed that the variation of the monthly averaged ozone concentration of two sta- tions presented similar tendency. They were both higher in April to July, and lower in December to February of next year. The maximum and minimum monthly average ozone concentration of SACOL appeared one month later than Tianjin. The ozone concentration in Tianjin mostly distributed in 10-50μL /m^3 , in SACOL was mostly ranged 10-70 μL/m^3. The frequencies of ozone concentration bellow 10μL/m^3 were small in spring and summer for the two sta- tions. The frequencies were similarly between two stations in autumn and winter. The ozone concentrations of two stations both presented a typical single-peak distribution in four seasons. The daily maximum of ozone concentration in SACOL appeared two hours later than that in Tianjin. There was a significant negative correlation between ozone and NOx ,NO2 ,NO concentration in both stations. O3 had the maximal relationship with NO in Tianjin station, while in SACOL O3 was most correlated with NOx.