某国企工人焦虑状态及其影响因素

Survey on anxiety and its impact factor in workers of a state-owned enterprise

目的了解某国企工人的焦虑状态并探讨影响焦虑状态的影响因素。方法对某国企558名工人进行问卷调查,内容包括一般情况、社会人口学资料、焦虑自评量表及职业倦怠通用量表等。结果 (1)工人的焦虑得分为(40.55±9.99)分,显著高于全国常模(P<0.01)。将SAS得分<50分评定为正常范围,14.5%的工人处于焦虑状态;(2)不同性别、睡眠质量、自觉听力状况、耳鸣、患病情况、身体锻炼情况对工人的焦虑状态有影响(P<0.01);(3)工人焦虑与职业倦怠的情绪衰竭和消极怠慢维度呈显著性正相关(P<0.01),与职业效能显著性负相关(P<0.01);(4)多元线性回归显示,性别、情绪衰竭及患有疾病显著性预测工人的焦虑程度(P<0.05)。结论重视员工身体状况,帮助工人改善健康,采取有针对性的措施减轻工人的职业倦怠感,有利于降低工人整体焦虑水平。

Objective To find out the status of anxiety and its influencing factor of a state-owned enterprise workers. Methods A total of 558 workers in a state owned enterprise were selected as the subjects in the survey. The content of ques- tionnaire involved general state, Maslach Burnout Inventory--General Survey （MBI-GS） and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） etc. Results （ 1 ） The average of standard scores of SAS in these workers was （40. 55 ＋ 9. 99）, significantly higher than that in normal population （P 〈0. 01）, the proportions with symptoms of anxiety in female workers were 14. 5%. （2） Anxiety sta- tus was obviously affected in some degree by gender, sleep quality, audibility, health status, exercise （P 〈 0. 01 ）. （3） There was a significant （P 〈0. 01 ） positive correlation between anxiety and emotional exhaustion as well as cynicism, while there was a significant （P 〈 0.01 ） negative correlation between anxiety and professional efficacy. （4） Multiple linear regression showed that the predictive variables of anxiety were gender, having disease and exhaustion. Conclusion The results suggested that improving health status, decreasing job burnout should be the crucial measurement to alleviate workers＇ anxiety, and more attention should be particularly paid to female workers.