亚里士多德的个体

Individuals in Aristotle

在这篇著名的论文中,弗雷德不仅复活了古代关于亚里士多德的实体是个体的观点,而且将这个观点也运用到了属性范畴上,提出了与个体实体相应的个体特性的概念。为了支持这一观点,在这篇论文的第一部分,弗雷德就"个体"(individuals)这个概念,对其在亚里士多德《范畴篇》中的思想起源做了穷根究底的分析和研究,在对《范畴篇》中许多关键性段落的理解上提出了发人深省而又令人耳目一新的理解,从而成功地为个体实体和个体特性的概念进行了辩护。而在此基础上,在这篇论文的第二部分,他又就个体实体的概念的形而上学的内涵进行了深入的探讨,并引入了"忒修斯船"的分析,对如何理解亚里士多德的个体实体的概念提出了富于启发的思索。

In this famous article,Frede not only revives the ancient view that Arsitotelian substance is individual,but apply this view to the attributes,propounding the concept 'individual properties' in contrast with 'individual substances'.For supporting this view,in the first part of this article,Frede gives a thorough analysis of the origin of the concept 'individuals' in Categories.His understandings of a number of essential passages in Categories are very attractive and suggestive,so he successfully makes a defence for the concepts such as individual substances and individual properties.In addition,in the second part,he further gives a profound elucidation of the metaphysical meaning of 'individual substances ',introducing an analysis of the Theseus' ships.By this means,he puts a light on how to understand Aristotelian individuals.