中国大学生面众恐惧的心理测量学再探

Psychometric Re-exploring of Facing-audience Communication Apprehension Scale for Chinese College Students

针对《心理科学》2011年第3期发表的《大学生面众交流恐惧的心理测量学初探》研究中存在的不足,通过理论与实践的深入反思,重新设计、研制了调查中国大学生面众恐惧的调研工具。在我国东、南、西、北、中各大地区随机抽取了17个省(市)共24所高校,用含有79个题项的预测量表进行预测,获得1057个有效预测样本,再将其划分为两组样本,分别进行探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析,研究结果表明:《中国大学生面众恐惧调查量表》(2011修订版)修订为新的四个维度和32个题项后,更能覆盖大学生面众恐惧现象的各个主要方面,量表具有更高的信效度,更好地达到了心理测量学的要求;四个维度分别是上台恐惧、面试恐惧、办事恐惧、团组与校外交流恐惧,可作为中国大学生面众交流恐惧的调研工具。

Objective：Based on previous studies on communication apprehension, a new concept named Facing - audience apprehen- sion was given initially in 2007 by Hongli-Wang, a professor of Education Science School of Guizhou Normal University. Facing - audi- ence apprehension, namely facing - audience communication apprehension, is an emotional state characterized by constant worries, fear because of lacking self confidence in such situations as interpersonal communication, interview, answering questions or having speech on platform, etc. People with facing - audience apprehension may intentionally avoid or escape from communicating with others. To improve the earlier study on facing - audience （ see Psychometric Exploring of College Facing - audience Communication Ap- prehension, Chinese Journal of Psychological Science ,2011 （3） ）, a new scale was designed to investigate the facing -audience appre- hension of Chinese college students after insightful rethinking and elaborate redesign. The purpose of this study is to develop a better scale with which the magnitude of Chinese college students＇Facing - audience Communication Apprehension can be measured so that the investigation project of the Study on the status quo of Chinese college students＇Facing- audience Communication Apprehension, presi- ded over by professor Wang Hang Li and sponsored by National Social Science Foundation of China, can be carried out. Methods：Following the rules of psychometrics, firstly a presurvey scale with 79 items was made and with which 1,200 students （50 ones in each university） from 24 universities chosen randomly from 17 provinces or municipalities of China like Beijing, Shanghai, Si- chuan, Guangdong, etc. were surveyed. Then among 1,057 valid samples obtained in presurvey, 529 ones distributed in the odd numb group were put into the exploratory factor analysis （EFA） and the rest into the confirmatory factor analysis （CFA）. Results ：The latest （revised in October, 2011 ） Chinese College Students Facing- audience Communication Apprehension Scale, with four dimensions （platform apprehension, interview apprehension, affairs-handling apprehension, group-within and outside-campus communication apprehension） and 32 items involved, has a higher reliability and validity, meeting the demands of psychometrics. Conclusion： Under the condition of this study, the Chinese College Students＇Facing - audience Communication Apprehension Scale （revised version of 2011 ） has a higher reliability and validity in accordance with the demands of psychometrics, and can be formally used as a survey instrument to measure the magnitude of Chinese college students＂ Facing - audience Communication Apprehension