黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被减蚀、减流效应研究

Study on Effect of Different Vegetation on Reducing Erosion and Reducing Flow in Loess Hilly-Gully Region

对半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被类型径流、侵蚀效应进行长期观测。研究结果表明:不同植被产流和侵蚀次数效应为:坡耕地>牧草地>乔木林地>天然草地>灌木林地;不同植被类型之间径流量和侵蚀量差异较大,其大小次序为:坡耕地>牧草地>乔木林地>天然草地>灌木林地;灌木林地的减流率和减沙率均在较高的水平,具有良好的水土保持效应;天然草地由于其独特的功能,水土保持效应较好;乔木林地和人工草地除了乔木林地减蚀效应较好外,减流效应较差;坡耕地的累积径流量及侵蚀量最大,而累积减沙率和减流率最低,水土保持效应最差。

Long-term observation was conducted on effect of different vegetation types on runoff and erosion in semi-arid loess hilly-gully region.The results showed： effect of different vegetation types on runoff yield and erosion times： slope land grazing land arbor forestland natural grassland bush forestland;there was a big difference between runoff yield and erosion amount of different vegetation types,the sequence was as follows： slope land grazing land arbor forestland natural grassland bush forestland;of shrub land reducing rate of flow and reducing rate of sediment of bush forestland had higher level and had good effect of soil and water conservation;soil and water conservation effect of natural grassland was better because of its unique function,reducing erosion effect of arbor forestland and artificial grassland in addition to arbor forestland were better,reducing flow effect was poor,accumulated runoff and erosion amount of slope land were the most,but accumulated rate of reducing sediment and reducing rate of flow were lowest,effect of soil and water conservation was the worst.