从国际宪章视角论世界文化遗产保护的理论发展

On Theoretical Development of Protection of World Cultural Heritage from the Perspective of International Charters

通过对若干重要国际宪章和文件的梳理分析,总结出人类在历史文化遗产保护方面的思想轨迹,即:历史文化遗产保护的概念从文物本身扩大到它周围的环境,再扩大到成片的具有历史意义的街区和地段,保护的方法也从最初针对文物建筑的保护性修复发展到后来针对历史地段的整体性保护,再进展到当代可持续发展的社会大环境下关注合理解决保护与发展的矛盾。

By sorting out and analyzing several important international charters and documents, the article summarizes the ideological track of human in protection of historical and cultural heritage, namely the concept of protection of historical and cultural heritage expanded from historical and cultural relics to their surrounding environment, and then expanded to stretches of blocks and locations with historical significance, and the method of protection also developed from original protective restoration of historical and cultural relics to later overall protection of historical sites, and then developed to attention to reasonable solution of the contradiction between protection and development in modern social context of sustainable development.