低温甲醇洗技术及其在煤化工中的应用

Rectisol technology and its application in coal chemical industry

低温甲醇洗技术是利用冷甲醇作为溶剂,脱除CO2、H2S、COS等酸性气体的一种气体净化方法。由于其具有优异的酸性气体选择性、吸收性以及运行稳定性等特点,已在石油化工、煤化工、化肥工业等领域得到了广泛的应用。本文介绍了低温甲醇洗技术的特点及工业应用中存在的一些问题,综述了近年来低温甲醇洗技术在煤制甲醇、煤制合成氨、煤制天然气等煤化工领域的进展,并展望了低温甲醇洗技术的应用趋势:对于煤制甲醇,低温甲醇洗技术在合成气中CO2、H2S、COS等酸性气体的脱除具有独特优势;对于煤制合成氨,低温甲醇洗技术在粗煤气的净化和节能降耗方面具有重要意义;对于煤制天然气,低温甲醇洗技术在合成气脱除H2S、COS等净化处理方面具有很好的应用潜力。最后指出今后应着重于开发具有独立自主知识产权的国际一流水平的大型低温甲醇洗技术。

Rectisol technology licensed by both Linde AG and Lurgi AG is a gas purification method of removing acid gases including CO2,H2S,COS,by using cold methanol as solvent.Because of its excellent properties of selectivity,absorbency and operation stability,rectisol technology has been used in many fields,such as petrochemical,coal chemical,chemical fertilizer industries.In order to get comprehensive understanding of Rectisol technology,in this paper the performance characteristics of Rectisol technology and its existing problems in industrial applications are introduced.The progress in applications of rectisol technology is summarized in the coal chemical industry,especially in the area of coal to methanol,coal to synthetic ammonia and coal to synthetic natural gas.In addition,the development trends of rectisol technology are also proposed.As for coal to methanol,rectisol technology has unique advantage in removing acid gas from the synthesis gas.As for coal to synthetic ammonia,it has great significance for energy saving and consumption reduction.As for coal to synthetic natural gas,it has also a good application potential in purification process,such as removing H2S,COS from the synthesis gas.In the future,attentionshould be paid to developing China＇s acid gas removal process with independent intellectual property right.