草地恢复措施对高寒草甸植物群落的影响

Influence of restoration measures on plant community in alpine meadow

为探讨不同恢复措施对高寒草甸生态系统植物群落的影响,分别对高寒草甸天然草地进行了施肥、补播、划破和综合措施(施肥+划破+补播)4种恢复措施处理。结果表明,施肥、补播、划破和综合措施对草地物种功能群组成、群落结构、物种多样性及生产力有不同影响。各种恢复措施对草地植物功能群组成的影响不大,但对功能群内物种数有不同影响;对群落高度有显著影响(P<0.05),但对群落盖度影响不大(P>0.05)。补播和综合措施处理样地物种数与对照呈显著差异(P<0.05),其他处理影响不显著。而Simpson指数除综合措施处理外,其他处理均与对照间呈显著差异(P<0.05)。各恢复措施均对草地生产力的提高有显著作用(P<0.05)。不同草地恢复措施虽然对物种组成、群落结构、物种多样性的影响格局不同,但对草地生产力的提高则有显著的促进作用。因此,可以认为,这些措施是改良退化草地的有效方法。

To investigate the influence of different restoration measures on plant communities,fertilization,overseeding,sward ripping and comprehensive treatment were applied in alpine meadow ecosystem.The results showed that the four treatment measures had different effects on plant functional group,plant community structure,species diversity,and productivity of grassland.Different measures had no significant effects on plant functional group composition,but had different influence on species number within functional group.Compared with community coverage（P0.05）,the community height showed significant variation（P0.05） under four treatments.Four treatment measures significantly improved aboveground productivity but had different effects on plant species number and Simpson index.As for species numbers,only reseeding and comprehensive treatment had significant difference compared with controls（P0.05）.While for Simpson index,besides comprehensive treatment,the other three treatments all had significant difference compared with controls（P0.05）.Our research suggests that although restoration measures used in our experiment had different effects on species composition,community structure,and species diversity,they obviously promoted grassland productivity.These measures,therefore,can be considered as profitable restoration practices in management of degraded grassland.