某航空大学在校学员听力变化情况分析

Situation analysis of hearing changes among the at-school cadets in an aviation university

目的了解目前某航空大学在校学员听力状况及听力变化情况,为制定飞行学员听力损失的防治策略提供科学依据。方法应用纯音测听检查方法了解在校701名飞行学员的听力状况及入校后的变化情况,通过问卷调查分析听力损失的危险因素。结果与入校前相比,新出现听力超标284人(占总人数的40.5%),其中频率250Hz超标44耳(3.1%),500Hz超标181耳(12.9%),1000Hz超标45耳(3.2%),2000Hz超标10耳(0.7%),3000Hz超标8耳(0.6%),双耳高频听力总和超标7人(1.0%)。被调查人群中耳塞式耳机的使用率为79.3%,平均每天使用时间(1.28±1.22)h,73.2%的使用者使用音量超过最大音量的2/3。结论部分学员入校后出现一定程度的听力减退,不正确应用耳机是造成学员听力损失的主要原因,应引起高度重视,加强对噪声性听力损失的预防、保健等相关知识的科普宣传,避免过多接触噪声。

Objective To study the heating features and hearing changes of aviation cadets in an aviation university, so as to formulate a set of scientific hearing loss prevention strategies.Methods Pure tone audiometry check was used to estimate the heating features.Ques tionnaires were used to search for the risky factors of hearing loss.Results Compare with the hearing of aviation cadets before admission of the University,there were 284 aviation cadets（40.5% of the total number）didn＇t meet the Air Force hearing standards required for pi lots.With frequency of 250 Hz,500 Hz, 1 000 Hz,2 000 Hz,3 000 Hz and the sum of highfrequency together,there were 44 ears （3.1%）, 181 ears （ 12.9 %）, 45 ears （3.2 %）, 10 ears （0.7 %）, 8 ears （0.6 % ） respectively and seven aviation cadets （ 1.0% ） didn＇t meet the standards.There were 79.3% of total members of aviation cadets using earplugs with average time （1.28± 1.22）hours daily,there was 73.1% of these students who uses the earplugs at a degree of 2/3 higher than the maximum volume.Conclusion There were many stu dents with hearing loss after admission of aviation University.Unhealthy using of earplugs with big sound volume was the possible reason of the heating loss in students. So health education and prevention of unhealthy using of earplugs will improve the heating of aviation cadets of aviation University.