汽包锅炉过热器蓄热能的分析与计算

Analysis and Calculation of the Accumulated Heat Energy of the Superheater of a Steam Drum Boiler

过热器是电站锅炉的重要部件,通过对过热器的机理分析,建立了过热器的集总参数模型,得出了过热器蓄热能的理论计算方法,并通过实际机组运行数据进行了计算,对3种集总参数模型进行了比较,采用链式结构的集总模型更能反映工质蓄热能跟随压力的变化情况。机组在50%～100%负荷滑压运行时,过热蒸汽的蓄热能随着压力的降低而降低,金属的蓄热能随压力的降低而增加;过热蒸汽的蓄热能要远大于金属的蓄热能。

The superheaters constitute important part of a utility boiler.Through an analysis of the mechanism controlling the superheaters,established a lumped parameter model for superheaters and obtained was a theoretical method for calculating the accumulated heat energy of a superheater.In addition,through choosing the operating data of a real unit,a calculation was performed and three types of lumped parameter model were compared.It has been found that to adopt the lumped parameter model of the chain structure can better reflect the variation conditions of the accumulated heat energy of the working medium with pressure.When the unit is operating in a sliding pressure mode at 50%-100% load,the accumulated heat energy of the superheated steam will decrease with a drop of pressure and that of the metal will increase with a decrease of pressure.The accumulated heat energy of the superheated steam is far more than that of the metal.